Glucose and insulin are anabolic signals which upregulate the transcriptions of a series of lipogenic enzymes to convert excess carbohydrate into triglycerides for efficient energy storage. Acyl-coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase, also known as DGAT1 and ARGP1, is a microsomal enzyme that assists in the synthesis of fatty acids into triglycerides. DGAT1 catalyzes the terminal and only committed step in triacylglycerol synthesis by using diacylglycerol (DAG) and fatty acyl CoA as substrates. DGAT1 plays a fundamental role in the metabolism of cellular diacylglycerol and is important in higher eukaryotes for physiologic processes involving triacylglycerol metabolism, such as intestinal fat absorption, lipoprotein assembly, adipose tissue form-ation and lactation. DGAT2, which has no homology to DGAT1, differs from DGAT1 in that its activity has been shown to be inhibited by MgCl in an in vitro assay. DGAT2 is expressed primarily in liver and white adipose tissue, which suggests that it plays an important role in mammalian triglyceride metabolism.