Diphenhydramine hydrochloride 是一种组胺 H1 拮抗剂，用作镇咳药和止吐药。它还用于治疗瘙痒和皮肤病、过敏反应、抗帕金森病、催眠药和普通感冒制剂的成分。

Diphenhydramine HCl (Benadryl) is a histamine H1 antagonist used as an antitussive and antiemetic. It is also used for pruritus and dermatoses, for hypersensitivity reactions, as an antiparkinson, a hypnotic, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations.

Diphenhydramine blocks tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium currents with K(d) values of 48 mM and 86 mM, respectively, at a holding potential of -80 mV. Diphenhydramine shifts the conductance-voltage curve for TTX-S sodium currents in the depolarizing direction but has little effect on that for TTX-R sodium currents. Diphenhydramine causes a shift of the steady-state inactivation curve for both types of sodium currents in the hyperpolarizing direction. Diphenhydramine produces a profound use-dependent block when the cells are repeatedly stimulated with high-frequency depolarizing pulses. [1] Diphenhydramine induces apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner in both CCRF-CEM and Jurkat cell lines, whereas Cimetidine fails to induce significant effects at similar concentrations. Diphenhydramine-induced apoptosis is evaluated in terms of morphology, flow cytometry, and the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol. Diphenhydramine inhibits cell proliferation without inducing apoptosis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. [2] Diphenhydramine (500 nM) significantly reduces the baseline firing of the periaqueductal gray neurons without a significant effect on the frequency of postsynaptic potentials. Diphenhydramine at high concentration inhibits periaqueductal gray neurons, but at low concentrations it has no effect on the baseline-firing rate and it blocks the response to neurotensin and tomedial preoptic nucleus stimulation. [3]

147-24-0

C17H22ClNO

291.82

DPH;Diphenhydramine HCl;盐酸苯海拉明

DMSO:18 mg/mL (61.68 mM),Need ultrasonic and warming
Powder: -20°C for 3 years
In solvent: -80°C for 2 years