Phytohemagglutinin (PHA-M) is a lectin, obtained from the red kidney bean that binds to the membranes of T-cells, stimulates metabolic activity, cell division, and involves inflammatory pathways. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA-M) induces apoptosis via increasing proapoptotic protein Bax and activating caspases-3. References: Movafagh A, et al. The Significance Application of Indigenous Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) Mitogen on Metaphase and Cell Culture Procedure. Iran J Pharm Res. 2011 Fall;10(4):895-903. [2]. Merlo JL, et al. Food Restriction Affects Inflammatory Response and Nutritional State in Tuco-tucos (Ctenomys talarum). J Exp Zool A Ecol Genet Physiol. 2016 Dec;325(10):675-687. [3]. Kochubei TO, et al. Isolectins of phytohemagglutinin are able to induce apoptosis in HEp-2 carcinoma cells in vitro. Exp Oncol. 2015 Jun;37(2):116-9.

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CAS：9008-97-3