Background:

Trospium Chloride is a competitive muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist.Target: mAChRTrospium chloride is an antimuscarinic agent indicated for the treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and urinary frequency. Trospium has pharmacologic properties that are distinct from other antimuscarinic agents [1]. After oral administration, absorption of the hydrophilic trospium chloride is slow and incomplete. Peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) of approximately 4 ng/mL are reached 4-5 hours after administration of a 20 mg immediate-release preparation. The mean bioavailability is approximately 10% and decreases by concomitant food intake (to a mean of 26% of the fasting area under the plasma concentration-time curve [AUC]). Trospium chloride displays dose proportional increases in AUC and Cmax after a single dose within the clinically relevant dose range (20-60 mg). The mean volume of distribution is approximately 350-800 L [2].

参考文献:
[1]. Staskin, D.R., Trospium chloride: Distinct among other anticholinergic agents available for the treatment of overactive bladder. Urol Clin North Am, 2006. 33(4): p. 465-73, viii.
[2]. Doroshyenko, O., et al., Clinical pharmacokinetics of trospium chloride. Clin Pharmacokinet, 2005. 44(7): p. 701-20.