Background:

Adrenic Acid is an inflammation enhancer in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Adrenic acid is produced via the elongation of arachidonic acid by ELOVL2 and 5. Interestingly, the hepatic level of free Adrenic Acid (22:4n6) is markedly higher in the CDAHFD-fed db/db mice than in the SD-fed db/db mice. In plasma, the difference in the adrenic acid level reaches statistical significance (p<0.001). It is also found that the concentrations of phospholipid species containing Adrenic Acid, such as PC or PE (40:4) (containing side chain 18:0/22:4), and LPC 22:4 (sn-1/sn-2), are also significantly increased. (sn-1/sn-2). The hepatic and plasma levels of Adrenic Acid, which is an omega 6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), exhibit greater differences between the CDAHFD-fed db/db mice and the SD-fed db/db mice (8.6-fold higher vs. 1.6-fold higher in liver tissue, 5.3-fold higher vs. 2.2-fold higher in plasma) than those of well-known proinflammatory PUFA, such as Arachidonic Acid[1].

[1]. SautHoras H Nababan, et al. Adrenic acid as an inflammation enhancer in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2017 Jun 1;623-624:64-75.