Cell lines

AsPC-1, MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1 and Pancreatic CSC cells

Preparation method

The solubility of this compound in DMSO is >10 mM. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37 ℃ for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.

Reaction Conditions

10 μM, 72 hours

Applications

Inhibition of cell survival and induction of apoptosis was observed within 24 h following exposure to this drug, but was maximally noticed at 72 h. In all the cell lines, GDC-0449 induced apoptosis is a dose-dependent manner reaching up to 65%. By comparison, GDC-0449 was less effective in inducing apoptosis in CSCs.

Animal models

Male CB17 SCID mice injected with MDA PCa 118b cells

Dosage form

Oral administration, 100 mg/kg, twice a day for 21 days

Applications

Shh, Gli1, Gli2, Smo, Ptch1, and Sufu were analyzed by qRT-PCR in GDC-0449 treated and untreated groups. Stromal expression of Gli1 and Ptch1 was marginally lower in the treated group compared to the control. Given that Gli1 and Ptch1 are reliable markers of an active Hh pathway these results confirm the pharmacodynamic effect of GDC-0449. Expression of Gli2 and Shh followed the same trend. Tumor epithelial expression of Sufu was significantly lower in treated than in untreated controls. Immunohistochemical testing confirmed a decrease in Sufu expression in the tumor epithelium.

Other notes

Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal.

GDC-0449 (2-chloro-N-[4-chloro-3-pyridin-2-yl-phenyl]-4-methane-sulfonyl benzamide), discovered by high throughput screening of a small molecule compound library followed by subsequent optimization through medical chemistry, is a potent and selective inhibitor of hedgehog (Hh) signaling, a pathway regulating cell growth and differentiation associated in pathogenesis of several cancers. It binds to signaling by smoothened (SMO) and suppresses activation of downstream Hh target genes resulting in the inhibition of Hh signaling pathway. GDC-0449 exhibits anti-tumor activity in a mouse model of medulloblastoma as well as in primary human tumor cell xenograft models of colorectal cancer and pancreatic carcinoma and is currently being evaluated in research projects investigating refractory, locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors.

Reference

[1].Patricia M. LoRusso, Charles M. Rudin, Josina C. Reddy, Raoul Tibes, Glen J. Weiss, Mitesh J. Borad, Christine L. Hann, Julie R. Brahmer, Ilsung Chang, Walter C. Darbonne, Richard A. Graham, Kenn L. Zerivitz, Jennifer A. Low, and Daniel D. Von Hoff. Phase I trial of hedgehog pathway inhibitor vismodegib (GDC-0449) in Patients with refractory, locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17: 2502-2511