Cell lines

islet cells

Preparation Method

Monolayer cultures of islet cells from neonatal rats were exposed to concentrations of MNU and STZ (Streptozocin) of 1, 2, 5, or 10 mM, and the activity of the enzyme was assayed.

Reaction Conditions

1, 2, 5, or 10 mM

Applications

Streptozocin is toxic to cultured p-cells at a concentration of 1 mM.

Animal models

Female mice

Preparation Method

Female mice received a single subdiabetogenic dose of streptozocin (65 mg/kg intraperitoneally) 8-11 days or 14-17 days before fertilization.

Dosage form

65 mg/kg; i.p.

Applications

Morphological analysis of preimplantation embryos collected on day 3 of pregnancy revealed significant changes in the distribution pattern of preimplantation embryo stages recovered from streptozocin-treated females.

Streptozocin, a potent DNA-methylating antibiotic, is a naturally occurring nitrosoamide used for extensively to produce diabetes in experimental models.^[1]

In vitro, STZ was toxic with IC50 values of 11.7, 904 and 1024 μg/ml for HL60, K562 and C1498 cells respectively.^[3]

In vivo efficacy test it shown that when combined with a protocol for induction of diuresis, dogs were treated safely with 500 mg/m2 of streptozocin, intravenously, every 3 weeks, and it may be have a potential efficacy on the treatment of dogs with metastatic pancreatic islet cell tumors.^[1]

In vivo experiment it indicated that mice were administrated streptozocin with 65 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 8-11 days or 14-17 days, streptozocin improved the impaired development of preimplantation embryos on 8-11 days. However, after 14-17 days, the incidence of degenerated embryos was increased in both streptozocin-treated mice groups.^[2]Treatment with 60 mg/kg of streptozocin intravenously also induces an early hyperglycaemia when the hepatic glycogen storage is almost depleted that is during the fasting state.^[4]For the treatment of advanced islet-cell carcinoma, the combination of streptozocin and doxorubicin is more efficious than the current standard regimen of streptozocin plus fluorouracil.^[5]There is little value for patients with malignant carcinoid tumors by combination treatment with streptozocin and 5-fluorouracil.^[6]

References:
[1].Moore AS, et al. Streptozocin for treatment of pancreatic islet cell tumors in dogs: 17 cases (1989-1999). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002 Sep 15;221(6):811-8.
[2].Veselá J, et al. Subdiabetogenic streptozocin treatment impairs preimplantation development of mouse embryos. Physiol Res. 1993;42(1):23-7.
[3].Diab RA, et al. Immunotoxicological effects of streptozotocin and alloxan: in vitro and in vivo studies. Immunol Lett. 2015 Feb;163(2):193-8.
[4].Wong KK. Reduction by streptozocin of blood glucose utilization during the appearance of the streptozocin induced early hyperglycaemia in fasting rats. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1996 May;39(1):191-5.
[5].Moertel CG, et al. Streptozocin-doxorubicin, streptozocin-fluorouracil or chlorozotocin in the treatment of advanced islet-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 1992 Feb 20;326(8):519-23.
[6].Oberg K, et al. Cytotoxic treatment in patients with malignant carcinoid tumors. Response to streptozocin--alone or in combination with 5-FU. Acta Oncol. 1987;26(6):429-32.