CAS NO: | 17466-45-4 |
包装: | 1mg |
市场价: | 2940元 |
Physical Appearance | A crystalline solid |
Storage | Store at -20°C |
M.Wt | 788.87 |
Cas No. | 17466-45-4 |
Formula | C35H48N8O11S |
Solubility | Soluble to 1 mg/ml in sterile water |
Chemical Name | A name could not be generated for this structure. |
Canonical SMILES | O[C@@H]1C[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](C(N[C@@H](C(N[C@@H]2C)=O)C[C@](CO)(C)O)=O)CC3=C(NC4=CC=CC=C34)SC[C@H]5NC([C@H]([C@H](C)O)NC2=O)=O)=O)=O)N(C5=O)C1 |
运输条件 | 蓝冰运输或根据您的需求运输。 |
一般建议 | 为了使其更好的溶解,请用37℃加热试管并在超声波水浴中震动片刻。不同厂家不同批次产品溶解度各有差异,仅做参考。若实验所需浓度过大至产品溶解极限,请添加助溶剂助溶或自行调整浓度。溶液形式一般不宜长期储存,请尽快用完。 |
Phalloidin(鬼笔环肽)是一种来源于毒蕈类鬼笔鹅膏(Amanita phalloides)的环状七肽毒素,以高亲和力(Kd= 20 nM)选择性地结合丝状肌动蛋白(F-actin),而不会与单体肌动蛋白(G-actin)结合[1]。
肌动蛋白以两种形式存在,即单体和多聚体。肌动蛋白单体为球形,其表面上有一ATP结合位点。肌动蛋白单体一个接一个连成一串肌动蛋白链,两串这样的肌动蛋白链互相缠绕扭曲成一股微丝。这种肌动蛋白多聚体又被称为丝状肌动蛋白。鬼笔环肽与丝状肌动蛋白(微丝)的结合,阻止了微丝的解离,稳定了微丝结构[2],破坏了微丝的聚合和解聚的动态平衡。
将荧光染料如Cy染料和FITC等与鬼笔环肽进行偶联,偶联物常用在组织切片、固定细胞、透化的细胞和无细胞的实验中选择性地标记 F-actin,广泛应用于微丝骨架在细胞中的成像[3]。标记后的鬼笔环肽对大细丝和小细丝具有相似的亲和力,无论是动植物来源的肌肉细胞或非肌肉细胞,按照每一个肌动蛋白亚基约与一个鬼笔环肽分子的计量比结合。这种成像优于抗体染色:鬼笔环肽无物种限制,且几乎不存在非特异性染色,染色区和非染色区域对比极其明显。因此,鬼笔环肽衍生物特别适合替代肌动蛋白(Actin)抗体进行相关研究。由于它们不与单体 G-actin发生结合,这与某些抗肌动蛋白的抗体有所不同。
鬼笔环肽和Jasplakinolide对丝状肌动蛋白的作用不同[4]。
References:
[1] Estes JE, Selden LA, Gershman LC. Mechanism of action of phalloidin on the polymerization of muscle actin. Biochemistry. 1981 Feb 17;20(4):708-12.
[2] Oda T, Namba K, Maéda Y. Position and orientation of phalloidin in F-actin determined by X-ray fiber diffraction analysis. Biophys J. 2005;88(4):2727–2736.
[3] Melak M, Plessner M, Grosse R. Actin visualization at a glance. J Cell Sci. 2017 Feb 1;130(3):525-530.
[4] Pospich S, Merino F, Raunser S. Structural Effects and Functional Implications of Phalloidin and Jasplakinolide Binding to Actin Filaments. Structure. 2020 Feb 12.
Cell experiment:[2] | |
Cell lines | Mouse 3T3 and rat kangaroo PtK2 cells |
Reaction Conditions | 0.2 or 1 mM phalloidin in 0.14 M KCI (Me2SO concentration 0.4 or 2%), for 3 h incubation |
Applications | When phalloidin was injected into cells, it recruited the less highly polymerized forms of actin and/or G actin, to form "islands" of aggregated actin in a focal plane above the stress fibers. In addition, microinjection of phalloidin interfered cell locomotion and cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner. |
Note | The technical data provided above is for reference only. |
References: 1. Chazotte B. Labeling cytoskeletal F-actin with rhodamine phalloidin or fluorescein phalloidin for imaging. Cold Spring Harb Protoc. 2010 May;2010(5):pdb.prot4947. 2. Wehland J, Osborn M, Weber K. Phalloidin-induced actin polymerization in the cytoplasm of cultured cells interferes with cell locomotion and growth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1977, 74(12): 5613-5617. |