Chloramphenicol 是一种口服有效的广谱抗生素 (antibiotic)。Chloramphenicol 具有抗菌 (antibacterial) 活性。Chloramphenicol 抑制缺氧 A549 和 H1299 细胞中氧不稳定转录因子和缺氧诱导因子-1α (HIF-1α)。Chloramphenicol 可抑制血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) 和葡萄糖转运蛋白 1 (glucose transporter 1) 的 mRNA 水平，最终降低 VEGF 的释放。Chloramphenicol 可用于厌氧菌感染和肺癌研究。
| 生物活性 | Chloramphenicol is an orally active, potent and broad-spectrumantibiotic. Chloramphenicol showsantibacterialactivity. Chloramphenicol represses the oxygen-labile transcription factor and hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) in hypoxic A549 and H1299 cells. Chloramphenicol suppresses the mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) andglucose transporter 1, eventually decreasingVEGFrelease. Chloramphenicol can be used for anaerobic infections and lungcancerresearch[1][2][3]. |
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体外研究
(In Vitro) | Chloramphenicol (1-100 μg/mL, 18-24 h) inhibits the HIF-1α pathway in NSCLC cells in a concentration-dependent manner[1].
Chloramphenicol (100 μg/mL, 0-24 h) inducesautophagyin NSCLC cells, substantially increases the levels of autophagic biomarkers (beclin-1, Atg12-Atg5 conjugates, and LC3-II)[1].
Chloramphenicol induces abnormal differentiation and inhibitsapoptosisin activated T cells[2].
Chloramphenicol can inhibit both bacterial and mitochondrial protein synthesis, causing mitochondrial stress and decreased ATP biosynthesis[3].
chloramphenicol (1-100 μg/mL) can induce matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 expression and increase MMP-13 protein[3].
chloramphenicol (1-100 μg/mL) can activate c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K)/Akt signaling, leading to c-Jun protein phosphorylation[3].
Chloramphenicol acts primarily on the 50S subunit of bacterial 70S rihosomes and inhibits peptide bond formation by suppressing peptidyl transferase activity[5].
Cell Viability Assay[1] | Cell Line: | A549 and H1299 cells | | Concentration: | 0, 1, 10, 100 μg/mL | | Incubation Time: | 3 h and 24 h | | Result: | In the 3-h-treated group, the viability of A549 and H1299 cells at 100 μg/mL concentration was 97.0 ± 3.9% and 98.1 ± 5.0%, respectively. The viability of A549 cells was 102.9 ± 1.3% and 99.2 ± 0.9%, whereas the viability of H1299 cells was 103.3 ± 1.9% and 93.8 ± 4.5%, under hypoxia and treatment with CoCl2, respectively. |
Western Blot Analysis[1] | Cell Line: | A549 and H1299 cells | | Concentration: | 0, 1, 10, 50, 100 μg/mL | | Incubation Time: | 18-24 h | | Result: | Inhibited HIF-1α protein accumulation in NSCLC cells in a concentration-dependent manner, while the expression levels of ARNT remained unaltered. Had no effect on CoCl2 (250 μM, 3 h treatment)-mediated HIF-1α protein accumulation and SENP-1 protein reduction. |
Western Blot Analysis[1] | Cell Line: | A549 and H1299 cells | | Concentration: | 100 μg/mL | | Incubation Time: | 0, 6, 12, 24 h | | Result: | Induced autophagy in NSCLC cells in a time-dependent manner. Upregulats the expression of beclin-1 and increased the levels of Atg12-Atg5 conjugates in both NSCLC cell lines, both in a time dependent and concentration-dependent manner. Augmented LC3-II and downregulated p62/STSQM1 in A549 cells. Induced an augmentation of p62/STSQM1, and a decrease in LC3-II levels in H1299 cells. |
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体内研究
(In Vivo) | Chloramphenicol (0-3500 mg/kg, Gavage, daily, for 5 days) decreases erythrocytes and erythrocyte precursors and reduces marrow erythroid cells were at day 1 post-dosing, and returns to normal by 14 days post-dosing[4].
| Animal Model: | Female B6C3F1 mice (12-14 weeks old)[4] | | Dosage: | 0, 2500 and 3500 mg/kg | | Administration: | Gavage, daily, for 5 days | | Result: | Cessation of erythropoiesis was evident at day 1 post-dosing. A recovery was seen at day 7 post-dosing at the 2500 mg/kg dose level and at between 7 and 14 days at the 3500 mg/kg dose level. Myelotoxicity was most pronounced in the erythroid series at each dose level. Depressed femoral marrow BFU-E and CFU-E at day 1 post-dosing. All the blood and marrow parameters in the present study returned to normal by 14 days post-dosing. |
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| 结构分类 | - Antibiotics
- Other Antibiotics
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| 运输条件 | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
| 储存方式 | | Powder | -20°C | 3 years | | 4°C | 2 years |
*该产品在溶液状态不稳定，建议您现用现配，即刻使用。 |
| 溶解性数据 | In Vitro: DMSO : ≥ 150 mg/mL(464.21 mM) Ethanol : 100 mg/mL(309.47 mM;Need ultrasonic) H2O : 3.06 mg/mL(9.47 mM;Need ultrasonic) *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown. 配制储备液 | 1 mM | 3.0947 mL | 15.4736 mL | 30.9473 mL | | 5 mM | 0.6189 mL | 3.0947 mL | 6.1895 mL | | 10 mM | 0.3095 mL | 1.5474 mL | 3.0947 mL |
*请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度，选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；该产品在溶液状态不稳定，建议您现用现配，即刻使用。 In Vivo: 请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照In Vitro方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂： ——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用；
以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶 1. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO 40%PEG300 5%Tween-80 45% saline Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM); Clear solution
此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。 以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。 2. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO 90% (20%SBE-β-CDin saline) Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM); Clear solution
此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。 以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。 3. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO 90%corn oil Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM); Clear solution
此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液，此方案不适用于实验周期在半个月以上的实验。 以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL玉米油中，混合均匀。 4. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% EtOH 40%PEG300 5%Tween-80 45% saline Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM); Clear solution
此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。 以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 EtOH 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。 5. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% EtOH 90% (20%SBE-β-CDin saline) Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM); Clear solution
此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。 以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 EtOH 储备液加到 900 μL20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。 6. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% EtOH 90%corn oil Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM); Clear solution
此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液，此方案不适用于实验周期在半个月以上的实验。 以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 EtOH 储备液加到 900 μL玉米油中，混合均匀。 7. 请依序添加每种溶剂： PBS Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (7.74 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic *以上所有助溶剂都可在本网站选购。
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