Astaxanthin，红色膳食类胡萝卜素，是一种口服有效的强效抗氧化剂。Astaxanthin 可抑制NF-κB，能在蛋白质水平下调高血糖中的VEGF。Astaxanthin 通过激活PPARγ并减少STAT3和相关通路蛋白的表达，发挥抗癌细胞增殖、增加凋亡以及削弱迁移和侵袭的活性。Astaxanthin 还具有神经保护和抗炎活性可用于癌症，糖尿病视网膜病变，心血管疾病等研究以及动物饲料的着色。
| 生物活性 | Astaxanthin, the red dietary carotenoid, is an orally effective and potent antioxidant. Astaxanthin inhibitsNF-κBand down-regulatesVEGFin blood glucose. Astaxanthin exerts anti-cancer cell proliferation, increasesapoptosis, impairs migration and invasion by activatingPPARγand reducing the expression ofSTAT3. Astaxanthin also has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity and can be used in studies ofcancer, diabetic retinopathy,cardiovascular disease, and in the coloring of animal feed[1][2][3][4][5]. |
| IC50& Target[1][2][3][4] | |
体外研究
(In Vitro) | Astaxanthin (50, 100, 150, 200 μM; 48 h) inhibits the proliferation of DU145 cells (IC50<200 μm)[1].
Astaxanthin (200 μM; 24 h) reduces the expression of STAT3 and the related pathway proteins (at both protein and mRNA levels) by inhibiting proliferation, increasing apoptosis and weakening migration and invasion[1]
Astaxanthin protects RPE cells from abnormal activation and oxidative stress (induced by high glucose) by down-regulating VEGF in high glucose at protein levels[2].
Astaxanthin (1-50 μM; 72 h) upregulates protein expression of PPARγ in time- and dose-dependent manners in K562 cells[3].
Apoptosis Analysis[1] | Cell Line: | DU145 cells | | Concentration: | 200 μM (pre-incubation) | | Incubation Time: | 24 h | | Result: | Increased the percentage of apoptotic cells from 8.5% to 13.1% (compared to blank control). |
Cell Migration Assay[1] | Cell Line: | DU145 cells | | Concentration: | 200 μM | | Incubation Time: | 24 h | | Result: | Decreased the migration and invasion of DU145 cells (about 41% of cells could not pass from one chamber to another, and 36% cells could not pass through the transwell membrane as compared to the control group). |
Cell Proliferation Assay[2] | Cell Line: | ARPE-19 cells | | Concentration: | 50 μM (pre-incubation) | | Incubation Time: | 7 days | | Result: | Significantly decreased cell proliferation exposed to high glucose. |
Western Blot Analysis[1] | Cell Line: | DU145 cells | | Concentration: | 200 μM | | Incubation Time: | 24 h | | Result: | Reduced the expression of STAT3 at both protein and mRNA levels (downregulated the protein expression of JAK2, BCL-2 and NF-κB and upregulated the protein expression of BAX, Caspase3 and Caspase9). |
Western Blot Analysis[3] | Cell Line: | K562 cells | | Concentration: | 1-50 μM | | Incubation Time: | 72 h | | Result: | Significantly promoted PPARγ protein expression in time- and dose-dependent manners. |
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体内研究
(In Vivo) | Astaxanthin (200 mg/kg; intragastric administration; once daily for 3 weeks) inhibits the growth of DU145 tumor xenografts in nude mice[1].
Astaxanthin (125 or 500 mg/kg; in animal feedings; 7 days) provides significant cardioprotection and reduces oxidative stress in rats[4].
| Animal Model: | Nude mice (approximately 20 g; DU145 tumor xenografts model)[1]. | | Dosage: | 200 mg/kg | | Administration: | Intragastric administration; once daily for 3 weeks. | | Result: | Exerted a significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth. |
| Animal Model: | Female C57BL/6 mice (7 weeks old)[4]. | | Dosage: | 125 or 500 mg/kg | | Administration: | In animal feedings; 7 days. | | Result: | Significantly reduced mean infarct size in the two treated groups (125 and 500 mg/kg) to 45.1% and 39.1%, respectively.
Exhibited myocardial salvage of 26 and 36% for 125 and 500 mg/kg groups, respectively.
Significantl reduced level of 9-HETE in a dose-dependent manner. 9-HETE is a regioisomer oxidation product of arachidonic acid believed to be a product of free radical-mediated oxidation. |
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| 运输条件 | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
| 储存方式 | -20°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen *该产品在溶液状态不稳定，建议您现用现配，即刻使用。 |
| 溶解性数据 | In Vitro: DMSO : 2 mg/mL(3.35 mM;Need ultrasonic) Acetone :< 1 mg/mL(insoluble) *Astaxanthin is usually formulated as a suspension. 配制储备液 | 1 mM | 1.6755 mL | 8.3775 mL | 16.7549 mL | | 5 mM | --- | --- | --- | | 10 mM | --- | --- | --- |
*请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度，选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；该产品在溶液状态不稳定，建议您现用现配，即刻使用。 In Vivo: 请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照In Vitro方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂： ——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用；
以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶 1. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 0.5%CMC-Na/saline water Solubility: 3.33 mg/mL (5.58 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic and warming 2. 请依序添加每种溶剂： 20%HP-β-CDin saline Solubility: 3.33 mg/mL (5.58 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic and warming
*以上所有助溶剂都可在本网站选购。 |
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