Cell lines

neurosecretory PC12 cells

Preparation method

The solubility of this compound in DMSO is >18.7mg/mL. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37℃ for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.

Reacting condition

0.3 mM

Applications

In neurosecretory PC12 cells, (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate significantly enhanced 5 μM ionomycin-stimulated [3H] NA release from PC12 cells. (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate alone only slightly stimulated [3H] NA release.

Animal models

thyroparathyroidectomized Sprague-Dawley rats

Dosage form

systemic infusion at 0.8 ml/min of 10 mM (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate

Application

In thyroparathyroidectomized Sprague-Dawley rats, (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate significantly increased fractional excretion of phosphate (FEPi) from 4.7%±0.9% to 13.4%±3.1%.

Other notes

Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal.

(-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate (L-(-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate, L-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate, (-)-4-Bromotetramisole Oxalate) is a potent and non-specific inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase and is also an inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases [1] [2].

Alkaline phosphatase is a hydrolase enzyme that removes phosphate groups from nucleotides, proteins and alkaloids. Protein tyrosine phosphatase is an enzyme that removes phosphate groups from phosphorylated tyrosine residues on target proteins.

(-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate is an inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase and protein tyrosine phosphatases. In various rat tissues, (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate (0.1 μM) completely inhibited non-specific alkaline phosphatase [1]. In rat zona glomerulosa, (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate (100 μM) blocked the inhibition of Na+ pump (Na+, K+-ATPase) induced by angiotensin II. The result suggested that inhibition of the Na+ pump induced by angiotensin II might be mediated by a tyrosine phosphatase [2]. In neurosecretory PC12 cells, (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate (0.3 mM) increased ionomycin-stimulated noradrenaline (NA) release, which suggested that tyrosine phosphorylation regulated Ca2+-stimulated NA release [3].

In Sprague-Dawley rats, (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate (10 μM) significantly increased fractional excretion of phosphate (FEPi) from 4.7% to 13.4% [4].

References:
[1].  Borgers M, Thoné F. The inhibition of alkaline phosphatase by L-p-bromotetramisole. Histochemistry, 1975, 44(3): 277-280.
[2].  Yingst DR, Davis J, Schiebinger R. Inhibitors of tyrosine phosphatases block angiotensin II inhibition of Na(+) pump. Eur J Pharmacol, 2000, 406(1): 49-52.
[3].  Kitamura T, Murayama T, Nomura Y. Enhancement of Ca2+-induced noradrenaline release by vanadate in PC12 cells: possible involvement of tyrosine phosphorylation. Brain Res, 2000, 854(1-2): 165-171.
[4].  Onsgard-Meyer M, McCoy AL, Knox FG. Effect of bromotetramisole on renal phosphate excretion. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 1996, 213(2): 193-195.